The Centre for Fortean Zoology was founded in the UK in 1992 - nearly 20 years ago. Over the past two decades it has expanded to become a truly global organisation. We opened our American office in 2001, our Australian office in 2009, and now - in our 19th year - we are proud to welcome CFZ Canada to the CFZ global family.

Showing posts with label Byrne. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Byrne. Show all posts

Wednesday, 31 July 2019

Peter Byrne

Those of you who are regular readers of this blog will recognize this name.  Peter Cyrill Byrne was born in Ireland in 1925, and his fascination with the big guy began with stories of the Yeti in the Himalayas that his father often told him.  Over the course of his life he trekked not only the Himalayas but also the Rockies and some eastern areas of the US.

After graduating school, Byrne joined the Royal British Air Force and served during World War II. After his service, he went to work on a tea plantation in northern India.  In the 1940's  he opened Nepal’s first tiger hunting concession.

Back in the 1950s, some other researchers advocated killing a Bigfoot.  They suggested that the only way science would accept proof of its existence was to provide an body for autopsy and testing.   Byrne opposed that, instead advocating electronic surveillance and taking photos and tissue samples. 


He found his first Yeti footprint in Sikkim in 1948.  Sikkim is a state in northeast India, bordered by Bhutan, Tibet and Nepal. Part of the Himalayas, the area has a dramatic landscape that includes India’s highest mountain.  Almost 35% of the state is covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park which makes the area a prime contender for Sasquatch/Yeti research.  He launched a three-year project to track it in 1957.

Peter designed and led the Nepal Himalaya project financed by Tom Slick in 1957 through 1959.   Findings he was part of include two sets of Yeti footprints , the paradoxical Yeti scalp and the mysterious Yeti hand in a temple at the village of Pangboche.  Supporters contend that the hand is from a Yeti, but  a finger bone from the hand was tested and the DNA was shown to be human.  Forensic analysts concluded that the hair from the finger contained an unknown DNA sequence, giving cryptozoologists reason to contend it was indeed a Yeti and that the beings are closely related to humans.  In more modern times, Joshua Gates and  Jeffrey Meldrum each investigated this evidence with Meldrum considering the footprint too accurate to be fake or man-made, while Gates discovered hair samples that contained an unknown DNA sequence. 

Tom Slick first heard accounts of the possible existence of a "Yeti hand" during one of his first "Abominable Snowman" treks in 1957. The Slick expeditions were the first to bring photographs of the hand back to the West.  Later, Slick sponsored more expeditions in the area and gathered more information on the "Pangboche hand." In 1959 Peter Byrne, a member of Slick's expedition that year, reportedly stole pieces of the artifact after the monks who owned it refused to allow its removal for study. He claimed he had replaced the stolen bone fragment with a human bone. He smuggled the bones into India where actor James Stewart is said to have smuggled them out of the country in his suitcase.  In 1991 it was discovered that an American anthropologist by the name of George Agogino, had retained samples of the alleged Yeti hand. Dr. Agogino put a tissue sample from the bone fragment in an envelope in his desk.  It remained there for more than thirty years.

The NBC program Unsolved Mysteries obtained samples and asked the University of California to analyze it.  The results were inconclusive, but seemed to indicate that the tissue probably came from a human hand.  After that show broadcast, originally run on February 12, 1992, the entire hand was stolen from the monastery.   Agogino, before his death in 2000, transferred his files on the Pangboche Yeti hand to Loren Coleman.  Replicas of both the missing hand and skill were created in 2010 and gifted to the Pangboche monks in 2011.  Late in 2011 it was announced that a finger belonging to the hand contained human DNA, following tests carried out in Edinburgh.  

Byrne also headed several projects in the Pacific Northwest, including one that incorporated high-tech search tools and an 800 number tip line.  While Slick was the “leader” of the Canadian/North American search for Sasquatch and Bob Titmus was the “field leader”, the pull of Slick’s other obligations distracted him from the hunt. Slick needed someone he knew to be in charge, and again chose  Peter Byrne.  Upon hearing of the discovery of more big footprints in northern California in 1959, Slick asked Byrne and his brother, Bryan Byrne, to head up a “Pacific Northwest Bigfoot Expedition” in 1960. Initially, this hunt included Rene Dahinden, John Green and Bob Titmus  but there were personality conflicts and they didn't like having an Irishman running the show.   Reportedly, Dahinden left after a month-and-a-half, and Green and Titmus stayed only a little longer.   After Slick’s death in 1962, the operations shut down in the Pacific Northwest. 


Byrne returned to the Bigfoot hunt in 1971, with funding by Ohio millionaire Tom Page.  He began working with Dennis Jensen, and Roger Patterson until  Page parted ways with Byrne, Jensen, and Roger Patterson.  Peter  could not continue his efforts until the early-1970s, when the Boston Academy of Applied Sciences began bankrolling Byrne, who promoted a no-kill position.  He had  established a Bigfoot Information Center in Oregon which continued for 9 years, from 1970-1979.


In 1992, Byrne was again bankrolled by Robert Rines and formed the Bigfoot Research Project, based  in the Hood River region of Oregon.  This search was extensive and employed helicopters, infra-red sensors and 1-800-BIGFOOT phone number. The project lasted about 5 years, but did not produce much good evidence.  

After this project, Byrne was commissioned to investigate sightings of a Bigfoot-type creature in southern Florida. That work was documented in a production called Shaawanoki, produced by Andreas Wallach and Ronnie Roseman.   He later investigated the Skunk Ape in southern Florida.  The skunk ape, also known as the swamp cabbage man, swamp ape, stink ape, Florida Bigfoot, Louisiana Bigfoot, myakka ape, swampsquatch, and myakka skunk ape, were  particularly common in the 1960s and 1970s.   The large, foul-smelling, hairy, ape-like creature, which ran upright on two legs was even reported in the suburbs of Dade County, Florida.   Joe Nickell has written that some of the reports may represent sightings of the black bear (Ursus americanus) and it is likely that other sightings are hoaxes or misidentification of wildlife.  The United States National Park Service considers the skunk ape to be a hoax.  In response to thousands of sightings, the Florida State Legislature in April  introduced a bill (H.B.1664) in 1977, to protect the man-ape which stated, “Any person taking, possessing, harming or molesting any anthropoid or humanoid animal which is native to Florida, popularly known as the Skunk Ape, or doing any act reasonably capable of harming or molesting such animals…”  Unfortunately, the Bill did not pass.

In the 1999 documentary Sasquatch Odyssey, Peter Byrne tells of having used “three million dollars of other people’s money” to search for Yeti and Bigfoot during the course of his life.


Mr Byrne was sentenced in federal court on December 3, 2013, for stealing more than $78,000 from the Social Security Administration (SSA), the Oregon Department of Human Services (DHS), and Medicaid.    He plead guilty, admitting that between 1992 and 2012 he concealed from SSA and DHS his travels outside the United States and his compensation, while receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and food stamps.
Peter C. Byrne, 88, was sentenced to a three year term of probation and required to pay full restitution by the end of the week. Byrne pleaded guilty in August and admitted that   Byrne had previously deposited $25,000 with the court for restitution and indicated he was prepared to pay the full balance by the end of the day.  Byrne began receiving SSI, which is a need-based benefit, in 1990.  He was required to report   certain travel outside the United States as well as his income and compensation.  From 1992 to 2012, Byrne traveled outside the U.S. for more than 30 days more than 15 times, on some occasions remaining outside the U.S. for more than four months.  He also had, at that time, bank accounts with Barclays of England and Wells Fargo where he held more than $85,000. When the SSA asked to see his passport in 2012 he claimed it had been destroyed in the washing machine.  He also didn't disclose his travels and assets.  In the course of the initial investigation, Byrne denied receiving royalties but after executing a search warrant investigators found travel records, financial records, and his will.   Agents also located a copy of a letter from Byrne to Safari Press directing future royalties for his published books be sent to his girlfriend.  The Honorable Garr M. King stated that Byrne’s actions had been intentional and criminal, but agreed with the parties’ recommended sentence of probation primarily because of Byrne’s age.  He was 88 at the time.
In 1976, Peter C. Byrne found the only known physical evidence of the notorious Sasquatch, somewhere in the Pacific Northwest. He sent that evidence to be analyzed by the FBI and 40 years later, the once-classified documents have finally been released.  The final report never got back to Byrne until this release.  The FBI report concluded that the hairs were “of deer family origin.”
Despite his fraud conviction, Peter Byrne is considered a pioneer with a robust presence and keen investigative skills. Author of several books,  his “The Search for Bigfoot,”  is widely regarded as one of the best in the field.


Peter Byrne's autobiography, A Fortunate life, is available on Amazon.


https://www.justice.gov/usao-or/pr/88-year-old-author-sentenced-fraud
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikkim
https://www.thebigfootportal.com/peter-c-byrne/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangboche
https://unsolved.com/gallery/yeti/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangboche_Hand
http://www.cryptozoonews.com/p-byrne-90/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunk_ape
https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/tracking_floridas_skunk_ape/?/sb/show/tracking_floridas_skunk_ape
https://www.floridamemory.com/blog/2013/10/21/a-bill-to-protect-skunk-apes/
http://www.ktvu.com/news/believe-it-or-not/man-who-sent-fbi-physical-evidence-of-bigfoot-waited-43-years-to-learn-they-took-him-seriously
https://youtu.be/4XmPP3iktPE




Wednesday, 26 June 2019

The FBI File

We were all caught off guard when the headline read, "FBI Releases Bigfoot File".  Most had no idea that any "official" government investigation had ever been done.  We all agreed that the FBI was the least likely, in our minds, to have taken on this task.

It should be no surprise, however.  All reports that come into the police or ranger stations are documented.  If they are current sightings, someone is dispatched to the location to check it out.  That's the way law enforcement works.  Even if they think you are nuts, they still have to follow up. Following up leaves a file.


Back to the FBI.

The FBI began collecting information for the file in 1976.  Earlier this year (2019) they released 22 pages from this file.  Peter Byrne, director of the Bigfoot Information Center and Exhibition of Oregon back then, convinced the agency to help in an investigation of “15 hairs attached to a tiny piece of skin”.  This was the most compelling evidence at that time.  

Involving the FBI, and their agreement to be involved, is a really big deal.  Unlike local enforcement agencies, this organization has resources worldwide and its conclusions are often a huge part of new policies of all kinds.

In one of his letters, Byrne entreated the agency, “Please understand that our research here is serious. That this is a serious question that needs answering.”

We can imagine the grins of these seasoned investigators when this was initially proposed.  While I admire Byrne for initiating and following up on this project, I would love to meet the agent who took him seriously.  How brave this guy must be to stand up to the ridicule and fight for acceptance of this bigfoot challenge.


The FBI has a "scientific and technical services division" and at the time Jay Cochran Jr. was the assistant director. “The FBI Laboratory conducts investigations primarily of physical evidence for law enforcement agencies in connection with criminal investigations,” he wrote. “Occasionally, on a case-by-case basis, in the interest of research and scientific inquiry, we make exceptions to this policy. With this understanding, we will examine the hairs and tissue mentioned in your letter.”  This is an amazing victory for all of us who work in unusual research fields.



Unfortunately, the lab testing didn't help our cause.  The 15 hairs were tested in the FBI lab and found to be from a deer.  The results, and hair samples, were returned to Byrne in 1977.  Read the 22 page FBI file here.


Many have never heard of Peter C. Byrne, but to real Sasquatch researchers his story is well known.  Born in Ireland, his fascination with the big guy began with stories of the Yeti in the Himalayas that his father often told him.  Over the course of his life he has trekked those mountains, the Rockies, and the west coast of the US.  Peter designed and led the Nepal Himalaya project financed by everyone's hero Tom Slick in 1957 through 1959.   Findings he was part of include two sets of Yeti footprints and the paradoxical Yeti scalp and the mysterious Yeti hand in a temple at the village of Pangboche.



Near the end of the project, Mr. Slick brought Mr.Byrne to Texas to discuss investigating the north american west coast.  He set up a base of operations in northern California in early 1960, and the search continued for two and a half years.  In October, 1962 Tom Slick died in the crash of a small airplane. Funding stopped, so Byrne returned to Nepal where he continued to research until 1994.

New backer David Ransburg, from Peoria, Illinois, convinced Byrne to come back to the Pacific Northwest.  Bigfoot Research Project 111 lasted five years but none of the creatures were found.  Nevertheless the experience convinced Peter of the high probability of a small group of the mysterious primates living and surviving in the Pacific Northwest.  His service to the study is just as heroic as his service with the RAF in World War Two.


Peter Byrne is, thankfully, still with us well into his 90's.  Whe the FBI files were released June 5, 2019, Byrne claimed it is the first time he saw the results of the FBI testing.  When the results came in decades previously, Byrne was in the field and a colleague was supposed to forward the results to him.  I find it highly unlikely that at some point in those ensuing forty-plus years Byrne forgot and never asked about them.  The popular theory is that he just figured the FBI was ignoring the request.  


 In the mid-1970s, an erroneous entry in an Army Corps of Engineers atlas sparked rumors that the FBI had previously analyzed "alleged sasquatch hair samples" and found that "no such hair exists on any human or presently-known animal for which such data are available." Cochrane also noted that  since the Washington Environmental Atlas was published in 1975, more requests to the FBI for bigfoot evidence spiked.  Interestingly, in the letter from The Academy of Applied Science in Boston, Massachusetts, the FBI Special Agent's name is redacted.


Peter C. Byrne is the last remaining person of the "Four Horsemen of Sasquatchery".  Now 93, he lives in rural Oregon and continues to research.




More reading:

https://www.history.com/news/bigfoot-fbi-file-investigation-discovery
https://qz.com/1639036/the-fbi-posted-22-pages-of-its-investigation-into-bigfoot/
http://www.petercbyrne.com/greatsearches.html
http://www.chronline.com/opinion/other-views-fbi-s-bigfoot-file-a-glimpse-into-the/article_ebd00e86-8c69-11e9-a0f5-c3d047d04901.html
https://www.dailyherald.com/article/20190612/news/190619758